Electric lighter for gas. Electric lighter for gas Thyristor pcr 406 domestic analogue

Coming New Year- and now Christmas tree decorations and garlands come out of the boxes. And if the toy is simply hung in the place chosen for it, then there are various accidents with the garlands. This is especially true for cheap options. Anyone who has ever repaired this miracle of technology knows that the Chinese garland, whose circuit is simple, has some features.

Features of garlands from China

Most often, Chinese craftsmen are attracted to New Year's decorations by their attractive price (from 150 rubles per piece) and bright lights that flash in several modes. Four types of light bulbs, and sometimes LEDs, are pleasing to the eye and wallet. True, after a while one or several colors stop burning. There may be several reasons, but the fact remains that the garland no longer works 100%.

If the product is damaged, it is not necessary to replace it with a new one. Although it is customary to enter the New Year with everything new, our hands are not made for boredom. Is it really difficult to change a burnt out light bulb? The point here is not the price or the time spent on repairs. It's a matter of principle. And every person who decides to repair a Chinese garland for the first time begins to be surprised.

Misunderstandings

The most unpleasant surprise during repairs is thin wire strands. You begin to wonder how it all works and has not yet fallen apart. Both the price of the product and the reliability of operation become clear. This is the Chinese garland. Scheme, repair and search for gaps - this is your future fate. The wiring connection is naturally the weakest point. Therefore, you should start searching for a gap with the switching box.

In addition to surprisingly thin wiring, the Chinese product can please you with the quick failure of the thyristors that control the color lines, as well as the main controller. To replace faulty elements, you most often have to look for domestic analogues or redo the entire circuit.

Types of faults

Let's consider some of the possible cases when the Chinese garland circuit is not needed. From the electrical engineering course, only 2 problems associated with electrical problems are known: short circuit and open circuit. In the case of a non-working garland, you need to look for a gap. Let's say the blue light is off. There are 2 options possible:

• somewhere the wire connecting the blue light bulbs broke;
• One of the blue elements has burned out.

Now you need to find a break or a burnt out light bulb. As a rule, a visual inspection will help us with this. Most often, the gap is visible to the naked eye, and the repair quickly ends. To connect the two ends of the wire, you don’t even need to have a soldering iron on hand - simple twisting helps. It is imperative to wrap it with electrical tape.

Attention! Any repair of an electrical product is carried out without connecting to the network.

If the gap is not visible, you should pay attention to the box with the button. The Chinese garland, the design of which does not differ from the standard one, has a control unit in a flat box. By unscrewing 2 or more screws, you can see a small printed circuit board with several elements. It comes with 2 wires from the plug: phase and neutral, as well as 4 wires with light bulbs of four different colors. Breaks most often occur at the junction of wire strands.

A number of malfunctions are associated with malfunction. Here, the mode switching button itself may fail. This problem can be “cured” by cleaning the contacts or completely replacing them. A Chinese garland, the circuit of which is standard, necessarily includes a controller. It can also go bad and can be replaced too. The weak link can be any of the 4 thyristors - one for each color.

Element replacement problem

To replace faulty elements, Chinese colleagues offer their own. The problem is that lamps become outdated quite quickly, and finding the right Chinese-made version can be problematic. In this case, the domestic element base comes to the rescue. The most important thing is to choose the right analogue.

To select an analogue of the desired element, it is important to know the parameters of the Chinese product. The PCR406J transistor is often searched for on forums. The Chinese garland, the diagram of which is made on such elements, is familiar. Only the desired element actually turns out to be a thyristor, and its Russian analogue MCR100 is almost identical in parameters.

Looking for a break in the chain

What to do if no breaks are found? The design of a Chinese garland is simple. All light bulbs are connected to each other in series. This means that if the blue line is not lit, you need to find at least one burnt out one. There are two options.

• Check sequentially all elements in the circuit.
• Look for a faulty light bulb by dividing the line in half. Having found the half that does not allow current to pass through, you need to divide it in half again. And so on until a problem is found. After replacing the lamp, all the pieces must be reassembled. It is better to do this with a soldering iron, but you can get by with twisting or electrical tape.

The second method can be avoided if you use a multimeter with thin needles attached to the ends of the probes. However, the conductor strands used in Chinese products are so thin that they can be torn even by a needle.

It happens that you don’t have a second damaged garland or a new light bulb at hand. In this case, you can simply connect the two ends together. This is fraught with an increase in voltage on the remaining light bulbs, since according to the laws of electrical engineering in series circuit the voltage is divided equally. But if you remove one or two elements, this will not greatly affect the service life. Despite the fact that they are Chinese, everything works on general principles.

LED garlands

Such products have recently become widespread. In this regard, low-power elements appeared on the garlands instead of light bulbs. The Chinese scheme differs little from the standard one. But, given the fact that the LED is designed for a much lower voltage, each of them will have a resistor in the circuit for a 220 V network. In another embodiment, a step-down transformer will be implemented at the system input.

In addition to the usual circuit, where the elements are arranged in series, there is a circuit of a Chinese garland with LEDs placed in parallel. With this option, even the burnout of several light elements at once will not introduce dissonance into the overall picture.

Advantages of LED products

A Chinese garland, the circuit of which is built on LEDs, has a number of advantages.

• Economical. This is due to the low electricity consumption of LEDs. The following two advantages immediately follow from this.
• Durability. The service life of LED products is two or more times longer than the service life of incandescent lamps.
• Safety. LEDs, unlike incandescent lamps, can heat up to a maximum of 60 degrees. Therefore, they are less fire hazardous than their counterparts.
• Brightness. LED garlands are brighter and more pleasing to the eye.
• Frost resistance. LED products can withstand temperatures down to 40 degrees below zero without changes in performance.
• Moisture resistance. These garlands can be used to decorate bathrooms and wet greenhouses.

LED Chinese garlands are very convenient to use to decorate the outdoor part of the house. Due to their high moisture and frost resistance, such products will please the eye for a long time without repair.

Conclusion

When buying such a product, it is not always possible to please yourself and your loved ones with high-quality jewelry. Sometimes, behind bright lights and an attractive price, a rather simple and cheap Chinese garland is hidden. Its circuit will be easy to study and convenient for applying electrical skills. Repairing a product can also bring moral satisfaction. Everyone determines for themselves whether it is worth the time and effort. Or maybe it’s better to immediately take the more expensive option? After all, even Chinese garlands for a high price are much better quality than their cheap “compatriots”. The choice is yours!

Today we will look at Chinese gas lighters powered by AA batteries. The price of such devices does not exceed $1 (in some cases no more than $0.5). Such lighters have a completely electronic filling. Inside you can find a compact board on which several components are located.

The gas lighter circuit consists of two main parts:

1. Voltage transformer;
2. High voltage coil.

Such lighters are designed to work with one or two AA batteries with a voltage of 1.5 Volts. It can operate for a long time on one AA battery; with two batteries, it should not be turned on for a long time. During operation, an air breakdown of no more than 0.5 cm is formed at the outlet. The output voltage of the circuit is about 6-7 kV.

A boost converter consists of only three components:

• Transistor;
• Limiting resistor;
• Step-up transformer.

Electronic lighter circuit

The circuit is a blocking generator. An increased voltage of about 50 Volts is generated on the secondary winding. Often in such circuits a bipolar transistor of the S8550D series (pnp, 25 V, 1.5 A) is used. Then the voltage is straightened. The PCR606J thyristor (600 V, 0.6 A) operates in switching mode and supplies short-term pulses to the primary winding of a high-voltage coil. The coil itself is sectional, the resistance of the secondary winding is about 355-365 Ohms. The winding is wound with copper wire, the diameter is around 0.05mm. The primary winding is wound on a ferrite rod and consists of 15 turns, the wire is 0.4 mm.

Possible causes of device malfunction

• The cause of a circuit malfunction may primarily be a faulty thyristor. It can be replaced with a similar one, for example, MCR2208.
• The second reason for a circuit malfunction may be in the transistor. During operation, it may fail due to various reasons. It is advisable to replace the transistor with a more powerful one - KT815/817, although you can also use low-power ones - KT315 or, even better, KT3102.
• Rarely, a circuit may fail due to a diode. The fact is that in some gas lighter circuits, a regular rectifier diode is used, but recently in almost all devices you can see a pulse diode of the FR107 series.

The Chinese electric lighter is quite easy to use, but this does not guarantee that it will be durable. The circuit of a Chinese lighter becomes a stumbling block for many radio amateurs trying to fix it. We don't recommend that you worry too much about this, it's not worth it. Although, the very device of the Chinese lighter is very interesting, and can be taken as the basis for many amateur radio developments.

Chinese electric lighter, its advantages and disadvantages:

Many housewives happily purchase electric lighters without thinking about it or suspecting the danger.

Figure No. 1 – Chinese lighter

Firstly, you should pay attention to the insulation, despite the fact that externally the lighter body looks reliable. There is a great chance of getting an electric shock, which is not fatal but also unpleasant.

Secondly, Chinese lighters do not ignite gas well; when using them, you must be extremely careful and follow all safety rules when using gas equipment.

Thirdly, more than one radio amateur has not resisted the temptation to simply take and disassemble an electric lighter and see what’s inside it :)

Figure No. 2 - Examples of disassembled Chinese lighters

Such lighters, as a rule, work from two AA batteries, that is, from 3 Volts, and for quite a long time, which is its big advantage.

Figure No. 3 – Common diagram of a Chinese lighter

By closing the contact (button) at the lighter output, the voltage is about 6-7 kV, and this energy is enough to break down about 5 mm of air.

As a rule, most lighter circuits use a bipolar transistor of the S8550D series (pnp, 25 V, 1.5 A), it is included in the boost converter circuit.

An increased voltage of about 50 Volts is generated on the secondary winding of the step-up transformer.

After which the voltage is rectified, and the PCR606J thyristor (600 V, 0.6 A), operating in the key mode, transmits short-term pulses to the primary winding of the high-voltage coil.

The coil is made sectional, the resistance of its secondary winding is approximately 355-365 Ohms.

The primary winding of the coil is wound on 0.04 mm ferrite. copper wire, and is 15 turns.

As a rule, these lighters contain a thyristor, and if it breaks, you just need to replace it with a similar one. The same thing happens with a transistor.

But in my opinion, if your Chinese lighter is broken, then just throw it away and don’t bother repairing it, it’s not worth it.

But it is very advisable to use it as a basis for many amateur radio developments and designs, since the generator is made from cheap and accessible elements.

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