Electrical parameters of triode thyristors of types ku201a - ku201l. Electrical parameters of triode thyristors of types ku201a - ku201l Ku201 parameters
First familiarize yourself with the classification of thyristors and the list of their main reference parameters.
Type
KU201 (2U201), KU202 (2U202) with different letter indices - non-locking, reverse-non-conducting thyristors, controlled by the cathode (the control voltage is applied between the control electrode and the cathode)
Here is a selection of materials: With a negative voltage at the anode, a positive voltage cannot be applied to the control electrode, but a negative voltage can be applied, which allows these thyristors (those for which the reverse voltage is normalized) to be used back-to-back to simulate a triac. The manufacturer recommends connecting a 51 Ohm resistor between the cathode and the control electrode. We have seen from our own experience that when the control electrode is suspended (disconnected from any circuits), these thyristors operate unstable. Spontaneous openings occur. In typical control circuits, when it is necessary for the thyristor to be turned off, the gate voltage is simply not applied to its control electrode, but a short circuit is not provided between the control electrode and the cathode. In such circuits, a shunt resistor is necessary. Manufacturers of common optocouplers designed to control thyristors (for example, MOC3061, MOC3062, MOC3063) recommend using their optocouplers with large shunt resistor values. However, our experiments have shown that these optocouplers work perfectly with shunt resistors from 150 Ohms, and the thyristors in question are stably turned off when the resistor resistance between the cathode and the control electrode is up to 500 Ohms, provided that the temperature of the thyristor body does not exceed 50 degrees Celsius. The resulting range of values acceptable for both the optocoupler and the thyristor is from 150 Ohms to 500 Ohms. So you can select the required values at which both the optocoupler and the thyristor will work normally. You need to consider the temperature at which the thyristor will operate. If it is heavily loaded or poorly cooled, then it is better to choose a smaller resistor (150 - 250 Ohms). In this case, the optocoupler will have an increased, but quite acceptable, load on the optocoupler. If the load is small, then it is better to use a resistor of 400 - 500 Ohms. |
Thyristor KU202N belongs to the group of triode devices with a p - n - p - n structure. The junctions are created by planar diffusion of silicon. The thyristor is designed to switch high voltages using small levels through additional output. Depending on the switching circuit, it can open or close, providing the required operating modes of the device. It is used in interlocking systems, protection systems, servo drives, remote controlled switching systems, chargers as a switch or charge current regulator.
You can buy the KU 202N thyristor in many other places, because it is a fairly common component. Moreover, its price is much lower than imported analogues. It can also be found in many Soviet devices, from power supplies to switching devices.
Design
Structurally, the KU202N thyristor and the entire series are made in a metal case made of coated copper alloy, which has threaded terminals and two solder terminals of varying thickness and height. The size of the threaded outlet or anode (A) is M6 for the nut. The terminals are made rigid by filling with epoxy resin, but during installation, forces should not be used more than 0.98 N.
When soldering the power terminal (K), it is necessary to maintain a minimum distance to the glass of at least 7 mm, since high temperature may damage its integrity. When connecting the control output (CE), you should maintain a distance to the glass of at least 3.5 mm for the same reason. In this case, the total holding time of the soldering iron is not recommended to exceed more than 3 s. The effective temperature of the soldering tool tip should not exceed +260 degrees.
Features of circuit connection
The thyristor is designed to switch voltage in various devices . But at the same time, there is a standard scheme for connecting it, which is highly recommended not to be violated. For example, a resistor must be connected between the cathode (solder pin) and the control electrode as a shunt component. Thanks to its presence, the control circuit is closed and the transition is saturated. Its resistance should be no more and no less than 51 Ohms.
If there is a voltage of negative polarity at the anode, then the control current should be zero. Otherwise, an electrical breakdown of the junction will occur, which will lead to a malfunction of the entire device. Its further operation is impossible, as is reverse restoration.
Thyristor KU202N belongs to the group of high-voltage devices, designed to operate at voltages up to 400 V with a maximum permissible forward current in the open state of no more than 10 A. In total, the line includes 12 models of thyristors with different voltages in the closed state. Therefore, when choosing, this is the main parameter.
Thyristors with letter designations from K to N. As for the other parameters, they remain the same. Quite often, newbie radio amateurs encounter such problems, which leads to additional waste.
These thyristors are quite often used in the construction of power regulators with a load of no more than 2 kW. But it is highly not recommended to use it in critical conditions. A current of no more than 7-8 A should be passed through the device, which will provide the most effective and gentle modes.
Thyristor check
Many people are interested in how to check the KU202N thyristor and how to properly turn it on in the device to check its performance. The fact is that quite often it turns out to be faulty for various reasons. Moreover, defects also occur in new products.
You can check the thyristor in several ways:
- Use a special device that analyzes the parameters of all transitions.
- Use a megger to check the condition of the main junction in both directions. In the reverse direction it should ring like a regular diode, in the forward direction it is closed, in an ideal state its resistance should be equal to infinity.
The second method is applicable only to a series of devices with the letter index M and N. In this case, you can set the dialing voltage to 400 V. Devices with the letters K and L only up to 300 V, ZH and I - up to 200 V, and so on. Before checking a product in this way, it is necessary to check it specifications with reference table. Otherwise, you can damage the device without even using it for its intended purpose.
Less powerful thyristors can be checked with a conventional multimeter in continuity mode (diode icon and sound signal). In the reverse direction it rings like a diode, in the forward direction it rings infinity.
Important! When checking a thyristor in diode mode, it is necessary to combine the UE with A.
Checking in switching mode
To make sure the thyristor is working, it is enough to assemble a small circuit diagram, consisting of the following components:
- a light bulb or LED with a corresponding resistor, if connected to a 12V power supply;
- low voltage source, for example, AA battery;
- several conductors and a 12 V voltage source.
To carry out the check, perform the following steps:
- We connect the load to the circuit of the 12 V power source and the A-K thyristor.
- We apply negative voltage to the terminals UE and A (+ batteries must be connected to A) for an instant.
After which the light bulb or LED will light up. To make it go out, you need to turn off the switched circuit or change the polarity of the control voltage. This mode is considered normal for operation and can be used at any constant switching voltage within the permitted limits. In the case of the KU202N thyristor, it should not exceed 400 V.
Analogues of KU202N
Like any other devices, domestic Thyristor KU202 has a foreign analogue, which according to its parameters belongs to the same category of components. Foreign manufacturers have long abandoned the production of this form factor in terms of power of thyristors in a metal case. Only elements in the TO220 transistor package will be available on the market. Therefore, in any case, you will have to make design changes to the board and the mounting location in particular.
Foreign analogues of the KU202N thyristor include the following devices:
- VT138;
- VT151.
The parameters differ slightly from the component described above, and the average current is 7.5 A. You can also use the newer Russian element T112-10 in the circuits. It also has a metal body with a threaded outlet, but its dimensions will be somewhat smaller.
Simple control circuits KU202N
For thyristor KU202N the control scheme is quite simple. The first option was described in the device verification section. It included a 1.5 V battery, a light bulb and a 12 V power supply. But there are also many other ways to simply connect a thyristor. Let's consider the most simple diagram at its base.
Power regulator
The circuit implements the principle of pulse-frequency regulation of the firing angle of thyristors due to synchronization with the network. Such control is the most effective and reliable, since the thyristor operates in normal modes without overestimating its capabilities.
The circuit contains a generator, which generates control pulses and shifts them relative to the edges of the pulses when the mains voltage passes through zero. The control sequence of pulses is supplied to the UE and K. The voltage in the load is rectified using a full-wave rectifier. The use of containers in the circuit as filters is unacceptable, since they will violate the main principle of operation of the device. Such a power regulator can be used to control the temperature of a soldering iron tip by changing its supply voltage. But if you need to organize control of the primary circuits of the transformer, you will have to turn on the load in front of the diode bridge. The regulation current should be no more than 7.5 A.
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