Corporate networks. The concept of networks. Corporate information systems. Structure and purpose of the CIS. Characteristic. Requirements for organizing a CIS. Processes. Multi-level organization of corporate information systems The concept of a corporate system and network

Cost of the procedure: 10 UAH

Automated systems management

In the early 60s, work began on automating inventory management in the United States. It became obvious that the use of mathematical models for demand planning and inventory management leads to significant savings in funds frozen in the form of inventories and work in progress. It is impossible to develop “absolutely optimal inventory planning methods,” therefore, algorithms should be selected and adapted to the specifics of specific warehouse tasks depending on the production cycle or supply of stored items, cost, product sizes, packaging, applicability and demand, warehouse volumes, etc. It was found that that choosing the optimal volume of an order batch is one of the most important conditions for increasing the efficiency of an enterprise, since insufficient volume leads to an increase in administrative costs for repeat orders, and excess volume leads to freezing of funds. Warehouse management in modern systems management is based on mathematical methods of inventory management. The first automated inventory management systems in industrial production were based on calculations based on product composition specifications. Based on the product release plan, production plans were formed and the volume of purchases of materials and components was calculated. The end of the 60s is associated with the work of Oliver White, who, in the conditions of automation of industrial enterprises, proposed to consider production, supply and sales units as a whole. This approach and application computer technology for the first time, they made it possible to quickly adjust planned targets during the production process (when needs change, orders are adjusted, there is a lack of resources, equipment failures).

Automated management systems, first of all, provide methodological and information support for the process of managing flows, using equipment and personnel, as well as determining market needs and relationships with customers. The information provided by the system is necessary for managers to make “correct” adequate management decisions. The management system itself does not make decisions - this is the role of the person. But the system can provide invaluable assistance by providing management with all the necessary information.

Systems may include the following control areas:

planning needs, ensuring optimal use of equipment and human resources; drawing up assignments and schedules, taking into account; requirements, availability of resources (people and equipment);

maintaining relationships with suppliers and clients, both regarding individual orders and in the long term; meeting constantly changing needs; quick response to emerging problems; generation of information for the financial management of the company.

There are several basic and proven methods in the world for managing industrial and human resources, tested in conditions of fierce competition. These methods are widely used at Russian enterprises:

1. materials required planning (MRP) method;

2. production resource planning method (MRPII);

3. Lean Manufacturing or Just-IN-Time method;

4. Theory of Constraints method (bottleneck management;

Organization of corporate information systems

1. The concept of corporate IP
2. MRPII Manufacturing Management Practices Standard
3. Enterprise Resource Management System ERP

The concept of corporate IP

Corporate IP (CIS) is an information system that supports operational and management accounting at an enterprise and provides information for prompt management decision-making. The concept of CIS is now inextricably linked with the following two business management standards, implemented in all software products on an enterprise scale:

• International standard for industrial enterprise management (Manufacturing Resource Planning - MRPII);
• Enterprise Resource Planning Systems – ERP).

(In Russia, in this area, until now there have only been attempts to develop CAD and process control systems!!)

CIS can also be interpreted as a management ideology that combines the business strategy of an enterprise with its corresponding management structure and advanced IT. In this case, the main element is the management structure, and IT plays a secondary, instrumental role. The general structure of business management includes four main blocks:

• The control object itself;
• Control block
• Resources
• Mathematical model(it can be divided into several models, for example, a model of the current state, transition state and final state of the control object).

The necessary rules of interaction between these blocks are largely determined by IT/S tools.

“Corporateness” in the term CIS means that the system meets the needs of a large company with a complex territorial structure. The IP of individual divisions that make up the company (financial, marketing, etc.) cannot claim corporatism.

It is also impossible to identify the concepts of CIS and ISMS - integrated enterprise management systems. This can be explained as follows:

The initial data for the CIS are data on the main resources that need to be managed (financial, material, information, personnel, etc.), which at the output of the system are converted into the result of the main activity of the enterprise. As you move up the management pyramid (see previous Lectures), primary information is systematized, processed and selected, resulting in the generation of reports for top management, which contain the most significant values ​​for making strategic decisions.

PMIS covers the layer that carries out operational accounting (see the pyramid - the operational level) and the layer in which corporate data is stored, systematized in accordance with the requirements of middle managers (i.e., along the pyramid - the MIS management level).

Thus, most PMIS are the foundation for building a CIS. While the CIS must necessarily also include decision support systems (DSS, ESS). In other words, the concept of CIS involves the use various types IS according to the management hierarchy (i.e. horizontal coverage) and across all functional areas (i.e. vertical coverage).

Corporate information system (CIS)- management ideology that combines business strategy and information technology.

Corporate information system is a scalable system designed for comprehensive automation of all types of economic activities of large and medium-sized enterprises, including corporations consisting of a group of companies requiring unified management.

Corporate Information System can be considered a system that automates more than 80% of the divisions of an enterprise.

Corporate information systems are a development of systems for workgroups, they are aimed at large companies and can support geographically dispersed nodes or networks. Basically they have hierarchical structure from several levels. Such systems are characterized by a client-server architecture with specialization of servers or a multi-level architecture. When developing such systems, the same database servers can be used as when developing group information systems. However, in large information systems, Oracle, DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server.

For group and corporate systems, the requirements for reliable operation and data security are significantly increased. These properties are provided by maintaining the integrity of data, links and transactions in database servers.

The most significant feature of an integrated information system should be the expansion of the automation circuit to obtain a closed, self-regulating system capable of flexibly and quickly rearranging the principles of its functioning.

The CIS should include tools for documentation support for management, information support for subject areas, communication software, tools for organizing collective work of employees and other auxiliary (technological) products. From this, in particular, it follows that a mandatory requirement for CIS is the integration of a large number of software products.

Before we talk about private (corporate) networks, we need to define what these words mean. Recently, this phrase has become so widespread and fashionable that it has begun to lose its meaning. In our understanding corporate network- a system that ensures the transfer of information between various applications used in the corporation's system. Based on this completely abstract definition, we will consider various approaches to creating such systems and try to fill the concept of a corporate network with concrete content. At the same time, we believe that the network should be as universal as possible, that is, allow the integration of existing and future applications with the lowest possible costs and restrictions.

A corporate network, as a rule, is geographically distributed, i.e. uniting offices, divisions and other structures located at a considerable distance from each other. Often corporate network nodes are located in different cities and sometimes countries. The principles by which such a network is built are quite different from those used to create local network, even spanning multiple buildings. The main difference is that geographically distributed networks They use fairly slow (today tens and hundreds of kilobits per second, sometimes up to 2 Mbit/s) leased communication lines. If when creating a local network the main costs are for the purchase of equipment and laying cables, then in geographically distributed networks the most significant element of the cost is the rental fee for the use of channels, which grows rapidly with the increase in the quality and speed of data transmission. This limitation is fundamental, and when designing a corporate network, all measures should be taken to minimize the volume of transmitted data. Otherwise, the corporate network should not impose restrictions on which applications and how they process information transferred over it.

By applications we mean both system software - databases, mail systems, computing resources, file services, etc. - and the tools with which the end user works. The main tasks of a corporate network are interaction system applications, located in different nodes, and access to them by remote users.

The first problem that has to be solved when creating a corporate network is the organization of communication channels. If within one city you can count on renting dedicated lines, including high-speed ones, then when moving to geographically distant nodes, the cost of renting channels becomes simply astronomical, and their quality and reliability often turn out to be very low. A natural solution to this problem is to use already existing wide area networks. In this case, it is enough to provide channels from offices to the nearest network nodes. The global network will take on the task of delivering information between nodes. Even when creating a small network within one city, you should keep in mind the possibility of further expansion and use technologies that are compatible with existing global networks.

ALL-RUSSIAN CORRESPONDENCE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC COURSE

INSTITUTE

DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMATED PROCESSING OF ECONOMIC INFORMATION

COURSE WORK

in the discipline "Informatics"

on the topic "Corporate Intranet"

Moscow – 2010

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………...3

1. Theoretical part………………………………………………………………………………5

1.1. The concept and essence of corporate Intranet networks……………………….5

1.2.Intranet: its levels, the simplest scheme and functions………………….6

1.3. Types of intranet networks………………………………………………………..10

2. Practical part……………………………………………………….14

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………….23

List of references………………………………………………………24

Introduction

Topic of this course work– “Corporate Intranet”. This topic is very relevant, since today corporate computer networks (CNETs) have become widespread. Currently, they are used for scientific and educational purposes, in business, in financial and economic activities, in the implementation of joint scientific and technical programs, etc.

A corporate computer network (Intranet) is a company-wide network that uses software based on the TCP/IP Internet protocol. In other words, an Intranet is a company-level version of the Internet, adapting some of the technologies created for the Internet to apply to organizations' private local area (LAN) and wide area (WAN) networks.

In today's highly competitive market, gaining access to the latest information is becoming a critical component of business success. Therefore, the intranet can now be considered as the most promising environment for implementing corporate applications.

The currently observed enormous growth of corporate networks (up to 4 million KBC servers may be used in 2000) is explained by their advantages based on information sharing, cooperation, quick access to data and the presence of a large number of users already familiar with the necessary software for working on the Internet.

The purpose of the course work is to study the main characteristics of corporate intranets.

The following tasks are solved in this work:

The concept and essence of the corporate Intranet network is defined.

The software of this network is being studied.

Network equipment is considered.

An economic problem is solved using the MS Excel spreadsheet processor.

The following software was used to complete the course work:

operating room Windows system XP;

text editor MS Word;

spreadsheet processor MS Excel.

The work was performed using a computer with the following characteristics:

Processor Intel Celeron CPU 253 GHz;

504 MB RAM;

Video adapters Intel 82945G Express Chipset Family;

DVD drive TSST corp DVD-ROM SH-D162C;

Disk SAMSUNG device HD 080 HJ;

Network card Intel PROH000 PL Network Connection;

LCD Monitor Acer 17” ;

Keyboard;

Mouse manipulator.

In the course of writing the course work, the main sources were such textbooks as: Computing systems, networks and telecommunications: Textbook for universities. Broido V. L et al.

1.1. The concept and essence of corporate networksIntranet

Corporate networks are enterprise and corporation scale networks. Since they usually use the communication capabilities of the Internet, geographical location does not matter for them. Corporate networks are a special type of local network that has a significant coverage area. Now they are very actively developing and are often called intranets.

The term "Intranet" appeared relatively recently and quickly entered the lexicon, in contrast to the word "Internet", to which the computer community was much slower to get used to.

In the narrow sense of the word, Intranet is an internal corporate toolkit for information exchange based on standard Internet technologies such as Web, TCP/IP and HTML servers. With these components, a company can function as a unified group, share information, and improve productivity.

An intranet (intranet) is a private intra-company or inter-company computer network that has expanded capabilities due to the use of Internet technologies, has access to the Internet, but is protected from access to its resources by external users. It can also be defined as a system for storing, transmitting, processing and accessing inter-company and intra-company information using local networks and the Internet

The Internet's standardized environment allows different tools to interact with each other and provides easy, convenient access to corporate resources such as databases using CGI scripts.

By combining these tools with easy-to-learn HTML hypertext markup language and graphical inserts, a custom Intranet environment can be created in just a few weeks.

Since most existing networks use one or another protocol from the TCP/IP stack, all company employees can work with the Intranet. Moreover, the use of already implemented technologies allows companies to avoid significant capital investments in hardware and cabling. For example, in order for an employee to be able to receive corporate information directly on his desktop system, all that needs to be done is to add client drivers for TCP/IP, Web browsers and other Internet tools.

An intranet may not have a direct connection to the Internet. In some cases, the Internet access channel causes unnecessary problems, especially when you have to work with confidential information. In most cases, however, an Internet connection adds value to the Intranet because it allows access to Internet resources directly from the Intranet Web pages.

1.2. Intranet: its levels, the simplest scheme and functions.

Intranet is a technology for managing corporate communications, and this is how it differs from the Internet, which is a technology for global communications.

There are three levels in the implementation of communications: hardware, software and information. From the point of view of the hardware and software levels, communication is the organization of a reliable connection channel and the transfer of information without distortion, the organization of information storage and effective access to it. In terms of technical implementation of these levels, the Intranet is practically no different from the Internet. There are the same local and global networks; the same programs: Internet navigators, Web servers, e-mail, teleconferencing and even the same software manufacturers. The main distinctive feature of Intranet lies in the information level of communications.

From an information point of view, communication is the search and transfer of knowledge. There are at least three levels here:

1. A universal language for representing corporate knowledge is a description language that is not associated with specific subject areas of the organization. Its use is aimed at solving several problems:

ensuring unification of knowledge representation;

ensuring unambiguous interpretation of knowledge at all levels;

reducing information processing processes to simple procedures that allow their automation (navigation, information search, organizing connections between data).

2. Models and representations. This level determines the specific specifics of the company's activities. This level solves problems such as:

ensuring a unified view of the organization’s activities by all its employees: one system concepts, goals of activity and principles for achieving them, unified principles of behavior and motivation, a unified system of measures, standards, classifiers, standards;

ensuring interpretation of primary data;

ensuring navigation throughout the organization’s information space.

3. Factual knowledge is specific subject knowledge, which is facts expressed in terms. Such facts are primary data and can be contained in documents, databases, mail and news messages.

All three levels form corporate knowledge and are the meaningful context of corporate communications.

The information level is most essential for management. In this case, the hardware and software levels of communications are supporting. Information support may have different basic technologies for transmitting and storing information (paper documents). Intranet technology has transformed paper documents into electronic pages and files; bulletin board - to the Web server; notes and phone calls - into email messages; newspaper news into teleconference messages. The Intranet has made corporate communications more reliable, faster and more intense, and access to information has become faster and easier. At the same time, the content of corporate information has not changed fundamentally, although some changes did occur at all three levels of corporate knowledge presentation.

The simplest Intranet scheme can be represented this way (Fig. 1.1):

Figure 1.1 The simplest scheme Intranet

As can be seen from the figure, the organization retains both the local network and access to the Internet. Only a new node appears, called a firewall (in English literature firewall). Firewall is a computer with special software installed on it that allows you to:

Identify any user entering from outside in order to deny or allow him access.

Distribution of access rights between users.

Auditing and logging entries, i.e. recording who, when and why entered the internal network.

Cryptography, i.e. encryption of secret information.

Shielding, i.e. possibility of one-way data transfer.

This is what a corporate Web page might look like in regular Internet Explorer: inside information, inaccessible from the outside (Fig. 1.2):

Figure 1.2 Corporate Web page

In addition to browsers, information can also be contained in specially developed applications running in the Intranet environment, if necessary.

All this information can be viewed and edited anywhere, from any computer, regardless of operating system, and it makes no difference whether it is created in the next room or on the other side of the globe.

Intranet can be used for various functions within an organization:

1. Decision Making Tool - Intranet brings together all information in an organization.

2. A tool for organizing training - a quick analysis of business processes, opportunities and goals.

3. A perfect communication tool - Intranet ensures the integration of all divisions of the corporation.

4. Collaboration tool – information about technologies, customer services, technical procedures, tips, warnings, answers to frequently asked questions, etc.

5. Expert tool – constant communication with experts.

6. A single tool for inventions - the ability to interactively obtain any information intended for repeated use.

7. A tool for monitoring and improving the production cycle - a visual representation of the processes occurring within the organization: transactions, movement of resources, interaction of departments.

8. Partner tool - the ability to exchange information with partners.

9. Marketing tool - creating targeted marketing within the Web environment to satisfy customer requests and service them in the sales and service process.

1.3. Types of intranet networks

Intranet networks can be divided into 3 classes:

1. Small intranet networks.

Intranet components vary almost as much as the organizations that use them. In many cases, the Intranet is a spin-off from other projects, developing from the bottom up rather than from the top down. Often an individual or department recognizes the need to simply disseminate information throughout the organization and develops its own system to achieve this goal. Usually no funds are allocated for this project; moreover, it is not even officially recognized. These types of systems are created on the basis of existing equipment and inexpensive software.

In some cases this may be the only possible solution. Web servers do not require powerful computing resources, so this option may be quite workable until the moment when the Intranet grows significantly in size or the traffic becomes too intense. However, the fewer other tasks the computer running the Web server performs, the more stable the Intranet will be.

Small networks often only provide access from user PCs to a single small file and print server or host computer. If the network can operate using TCP/IP protocols, then no additional costs will be required for cabling, network cards or other equipment used on the network.

TCP/IP support, which has recently become widely available due to the growing popularity of Intranets, solves another problem in building an Intranet. All that is required to provide access to the Intranet Web server is to assign internal IP addresses and enter the necessary information into the operating system about various devices, such as name servers, routers and mail servers.

2. Middle-class intranet networks.

More complex Intranets require more capital to build than smaller networks. This type of configuration provides the best evidence for the viability of a larger, more reliable, and more expensive Intranet. One of the differences between a mid-sized configuration and a low-end Intranet is the use of a dedicated Web server.

By using a dedicated server, an Intranet becomes significantly more accessible while eliminating the hassles of a desktop-based Intranet. A dedicated server is faster, and it won't "disappear" if the non-dedicated computer has to be rebooted.

A dedicated server can also function as both a Web server and a server Email. It is common practice to combine various Internet and Intranet functions into one system if the computer has sufficient resources to support them. You can also install the Web server on a computer that already has other functions, such as a NetWare file server or Windows NT Advanced Server. If there is sufficient computing power, the file server can handle other server functions.

These types of systems provide additional benefits through stable electrical power, regular backups, and system monitoring. The computer does not have to be a file server. If the system has excess processing power, it can also be used as a Web server, at least until the company is able to supply a separate computer for this purpose.

3. High-end intranets

Although the implementation of a high-end Intranet is possible only with serious funding, this model can be called ideal for large organizations. In this type of configuration, a dedicated Web server running at the fastest possible speed is capable of keeping the Intranet available 24 hours a day. This server should be similar to others already operating on the company's network. Typically, a high-end dedicated Web server is a system with a Pentium processor with a clock speed of 166 MHz or higher. These types of systems can handle more concurrent users than slower systems, and they are more efficient at handling complex data types, such as Java applets, Apple's QuickTime video clips, and database search engines.

A high-end Intranet typically has an Internet access link and often commercial Web server software, contains a dedicated SMTP-based mail server, and provides built-in client support for TCP/IP protocols. Internet connections can range from 128 Kbps ISDN circuits to frame relay and 1.5 Mbps T-1 circuits.

Another possibility is remote access. It can be organized according to telephone lines through a firewall in such a configuration that authorized users from the Internet can gain secure access to the Intranet. Specific strategy remote access determined not only by the technologies used, but also by the corporate culture of your company.

2. PRACTICAL PART

2.1. General characteristics of the task.

Consider the following problem:

The organization maintains a journal for calculating income tax on employee salaries by department. The types of divisions are presented in Table 1. The following rule applies.

All deductions are provided according to the table in Fig. Only employees of the main place of work, other employees pay tax on the total amount.

Build tables using the data below (Table 1-3)

Organize inter-table connections to automatically fill out the column for calculating personal income tax (NDFL) (Table 3): “Name of division”, “NDFL”.

Set up a check in the “Type of place of work” field for the entered values ​​and display an error message.

Determine the monthly amount of tax paid by the employee (for several months).

Determine the total amount of personal income tax for each division.

Determine the total amount of personal income tax transferred by the organization for the month.

Build a histogram using pivot table data

Table 1 List of divisions of the organization

Table 2 Rates of benefits and taxes

Table 3 Journal for calculating personal income tax

Accrual date	Personnel Number	Full name of the employee	Department code	Division name	Patch charged	Type of place of work	Amount of children	Disability benefits
		Ivanov S. M				basic
		Vorobyova V. S.		Accounting		not basic
		Sidorov V. S.				basic
		Vasiliev. IN AND,				basic
		Emelyanov V. I.				basic
		Petrov P.V.				basic
		Semenova I. O,		Accounting		basic
		Somova V. S.				basic
		Pechkina S. I.				not basic
		Yashin S. N.				basic
		Ivanov S. M				basic
		Vorobyova V. S.		Accounting		not basic
		Sidorov V. S.				basic
		Vasiliev. IN AND,				basic
		Emelyanov V. I.				basic
		Petrov P.V.				basic
		Semenova I. O,		Accounting		basic
		Somova V. S.				basic
		Pechkina S. I.				not basic
		Yashin S. N.				basic

2.2. Description of the algorithm for solving the problem.

Launch MS Excel spreadsheet processor

We create a book with the name “NDFL”

Rename sheet 1 to a sheet called “Divisions” (right-click on the sheet label and select “Rename”).

On sheet 1, starting from cell A1, enter the initial values ​​from the table “List of organizational divisions” (Fig. 2.1).

Rice. 2.1 Location of the “List of organizational divisions” table on the “Divisions” MS Excel worksheet

Let’s rename sheet 2 to a sheet called “Bets”.

On sheet 2, starting from cell A1, enter the initial values ​​from the table “Rates of benefits and taxes” (Fig. 2.2).

Rice. 2.2 Location of the table “Rates of benefits and taxes” on the worksheet “Rates” MS Excel

Let's rename sheet 3 to a sheet called “Calculation Journal”.

On sheet 3, starting from cell A1, enter the initial values ​​from the table “Journal for calculating personal income tax” (Fig. 2.3).

Rice. 2.3 Location of the table “Journal of calculation of personal income tax” on the worksheet “Journal of calculation” MS Excel

We organize inter-table connections to automatically fill out the journal columns for calculating personal income tax: “Name of division”, “Personal income tax”.

Let's go to the “Calculation Journal” sheet

In cell E2 we enter the formula:

VIEW(D2;Departments!$A$2:$A$6;Departments!$B$2:$B$6)

Let's copy it into cells E3 through E21.

As a result, we get the following (Fig. 2.4):

Rice. 2.4 Inter-table communication (control parameter - department code)

12. In cell J2, enter the following formula:

IF(G2="main";(F2-(400 + IF (H3>0;H3*300;0) + IF (I2 = "disabled"; 400;0))) *13%;F2*13%)

Let's copy it to cells J3 to J21.

We get (Fig. 2.5):

Rice. 2.5 Inter-table communication (control parameter - disability benefit)

To check the input, perform the following steps.

In cells N2 and N3, respectively, we enter “main” and “non-main”.

Select cells G2 through G21.

On the toolbar, select “Data”, then “Check” (Fig. 2.6).

Rice. 2.6 Test Dialog Box

Let's choose the values.

Let's go to the "Error Message" tab.

Let's choose the values ​​(Fig. 2.7):

Rice. 2.7 Test Dialog Box

We confirm the data “OK”.

In order to determine the total amount of personal income tax for each employee, department and the total amount of personal income tax transferred by the organization for the month, it is necessary to create a summary table based on the data in the completed table “Journal for calculating personal income tax.”

Rename sheet 4 to “Pivot Table”.

On the toolbar, select the “Data” menu and then “Pivot Table”.

Let's indicate the following range: "Calculation journal"!$A$1:$J$21 (Fig. 2.8).

Rice. 2.8 Pivot Table and Chart Wizard dialog box

Select “Existing Sheet” and click the “Layout” button (Fig. 2.9).

Rice. 2.9 Layout of the Pivot Table and Chart Wizard

Then “OK” and “Done” (Fig. 2.10).

Rice. 2.10 Summary table by department

To build a histogram based on the data in the pivot table, place the cursor in the cell of the pivot table by division and on the “Diagram” toolbar, select the chart type “Histogram” and a histogram for the pivot table “Personal income tax by division” will appear on a separate sheet (Fig. 2.11).

Rice. 2.11 Graphical representation of pivot table results

Conclusion

Intranet is a corporate network that uses Internet technologies, which involves the use of the TCP/IP protocol and the means developed on its basis for accessing data located on the server from the user’s computer. The big advantage of an Intranet is its ability to enable collaboration among employees throughout the organization, use office automation tools, and create dynamic and productive teams.

The main feature of an Intranet is the ability to first create a small network and then expand it as needed. An intranet implemented on a desktop PC that serves 10 to 20 users can be transformed into a 24/7 dedicated system that can serve thousands of users. In addition, Intranet is one of the few corporate computer systems that does not need to be purchased outright.

The development of the company's Intranet makes it possible to create a base of collective theoretical and practical experience - its own knowledge base.

Bibliography

Broido V. L. Computing systems, networks and telecommunications: Textbook for universities. 2nd ed. – St. Petersburg: Peter, 2006.

Filinova O. E. Information technologies in advertising. Tutorial– M.: KUDITS-OBRAZ, 2006.

Informatics: Guidelines for completing coursework for independent work of 2nd year students (first higher education). – M.: University textbook, 2006.

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The purpose of this work is to identify knowledge in the discipline “Informatics”; solve the tasks: characterize the corporate Intranet network, consider the classification of the object being studied, study the tasks of the corporate Intranet network, learn about the stages of building your own Intranet network, and identify its advantages.

Implementation information technologies in a modern office, it takes place in several stages: telephone installation, organization of a common telephone space, computerization, connecting computers into a local network with shared folders and printers, corporate e-mail and centralized access to the Internet. Many modern offices stop at this level, without rising to the next level: implementing complex and expensive CRM and ERP solutions. Intranet systems are an intermediate link between the local network and high-level corporate systems.

Intranet technology is the use of Internet technology and TCP/IP networks to build the network and information infrastructure of a corporate or campus (university) network.

Intranet systems, similar to ERP and CRM systems, are not boxed solutions, i.e. solutions that require implementation. The configuration of the implemented intranet system depends on the organization of work with information in the company, on the degree of certainty and structure of business processes and work procedures, and on the document flow practices that have developed in the company.

In the practical part of the course work, a table was built according to the given form using calculation formulas. The following indicators were calculated: the name of the division was found, according to the code, personal income tax was calculated, the total amount of tax for each division was determined, the total amount of personal income tax transferred by the organization for the month, a histogram was built based on the data in the summary table. The graph shows the amounts of transferred tax for each division.

To solve the practical part of the course work, we used Microsoft Word 2002, Microsoft Excel 2002.

Part I . Theoretical part

An intranet is an internal corporate network built on Internet technologies.

Corporate network is a complex system that includes thousands of different components: computers different types, system and application software, network adapters, hubs, switches and routers, cable system. The main task of system integrators and administrators is to ensure that this cumbersome and very expensive system copes as best as possible with processing the flow of information circulating between employees of the enterprise and allows them to make timely and rational decisions that ensure the survival of the enterprise in fierce competition. And since life does not stand still, the content of corporate information, the intensity of its flows and the methods of processing it are constantly changing.

Intranet - the site is available only within the Company’s local network, including remote branches (intranet) or as a portal on the Internet, invisible in search engines and requiring authorization at login (extranet). Access to the portal pages is carried out through a web browser, which allows people with minimal computer training to use the services of intranet systems. Information is updated by responsible employees using special interfaces, the work with which is almost identical to the work with office applications.

The key word when describing intranet systems is the word “single”: a single way of processing, storing, accessing information, a single unified work environment, a single document format. This approach gives employees the opportunity to most effectively use accumulated corporate knowledge, quickly respond to current events, and provides the enterprise as a whole with new opportunities to organize its business.

Intranet systems are distinguished by a high level of customization and expandability: you can choose a set of ready-made standard solutions or develop the unique information solution you require from scratch. As your company develops and new challenges arise, you can expand your existing solution by reorganizing information structure intranet portal and adding new modules to it.

The computer has become an inexpensive and highly productive work tool. The further, the faster our world comes to the widespread use of PCs and information networks.

Global Internet

Today, communications and the Internet are needed for successful work in any industry, trade, transport, education, science.

Information resources of the Internet are the entire set of information technologies and databases available with the help of these technologies and existing in a constant updating mode.

Information technology Telnet

Telnet is one of the oldest information technologies on the Internet. It is one of the standards, of which there are three dozen to one and a half thousand recommended official materials on the network, called RFC (Request For Comments).

In practice, telnet is one of the widely used client programs that allow the user not only to gain access to information resources, but also to work in remote terminal emulation mode>.

Corporate Intranet

An intranet is an internal corporate network built on Internet technologies.

An intranet is an internal corporate web portal designed to solve the problems of your company; tasks, first of all, to systematize, store and process internal corporate information.

The main characteristics of intranet systems are:

1. Low risk and quick return on investment.

An intranet, unlike ERP systems, is much easier to implement and maintain, and most importantly, much cheaper. The time frame for the implementation of ready-made intranet systems in an enterprise usually does not exceed one month, and the implementation of the system implies the maintenance and deepening of business processes already existing in the enterprise, and not their replanning and restructuring.

2. Low cost and simplicity of technology.

All the useful qualities of Internet technologies are implemented within an extremely simple scheme: a viewer program (browser) installed at the user’s workplace, a web server that acts as an information hub, and standards for interaction between the client and the web server.

3. Openness and scalability of systems.

Intranet systems are open for increasing functionality and integration with other information systems of the Company. This property allows the company to create an intranet site in an evolutionary way and develop the system as the need arises.

Tasks solved using intranet systems:

· centralized storage of general corporate information and organization of prompt access to it;

· timely notification of employees about events within the company;

· quick access to information about the company’s structural divisions and personnel;

· stimulation of business communication between employees;

· organization “ feedback” between company divisions and management;

· centralization and automation of typical office tasks;

· increasing overall information transparency within the company;

Nowadays it is difficult to find a person who has not heard anything about the intranet, not to mention the Internet. Very often, the term “intranet” refers to a corporate network. This is probably why small business leaders, having heard the term “corporate”, lose interest in this topic, believing that they are far from making such decisions. In fact, behind the word “intranet” there is more good way organization of collective work than a specific set of technical solutions. The intranet is based on technologies developed in global network Internet (hence the consonant name). As for the cost of creating an intranet, in most cases it turns out to be lower than any other options for building your own network.

So what is an intranet?

For example, traditionally, if there are 2...3 computers in an office, they communicate with each other via a peer-to-peer network. This is a network in which all computers have equal rights. No server required.

What is the difference between Intranet information technologies compared to simply connecting existing computers into a local network.

The idea of ​​creating a network comes from the need to use and quickly exchange information. If the construction of a local network realizes these primary capabilities, simplifies administration, provides centralized data storage, implementation of security policies, optimal use of the resources of all computers on the network, etc., then the Intranet, one might say, introduces a certain order in the storage of information and provides simple and convenient tools for searching and using information. Moreover, special Intranet applications and built-in e-mail qualitatively change the company's work style, which leads to significant time savings in the general use of information and organization of the company's internal document flow (exchange of this information).

When the number of computers on the network becomes about 5 or more, and even in different rooms, the peer-to-peer network becomes poorly managed (from the point of view of organizing collective work of users). You have to install a dedicated server. The server performs certain network functions (at least it controls user access rights to information).

At the most important level (at least for small businesses), in order for your network to be called an “intranet”, it must:

· information exchange between participants was carried out via e-mail;

To organize internal e-mail and an internal web server for a long time, you will not need to install additional elements on the local network. All software needed to organize an intranet can be installed on your dedicated local network server.

Many organizations undertake the process of developing intranets on their own, not realizing that significant investments are required to create them.

Implementing an intranet requires six basic elements:

A high-speed router or switched backbone that provides adequate throughput;

Reliable remote access devices that allow you to connect remote users to the network;

Reliable network protection ensuring the safety of confidential information;

Complex network management systems that monitor the operation of the network;

Qualified personnel capable of planning, developing, implementing and managing the network;

Documented procedures for guiding maintenance personnel.

While the need for all of these elements is obvious, it is surprising how many organizations forget about them when implementing an intranet. After their first experience with an intranet, which usually turns out to be unsuccessful, these companies are forced to take a step back and work on strengthening the infrastructure of their networks. At the same time, failures at the initial stage undermine end-user confidence in the intranet concept.

However, it is not at all necessary to implement an intranet within the company on your own, using human, financial, and organizational resources. When introducing fundamentally new technologies or products into the network, it is advisable to involve external organizations that already have experience working with these technologies and products. In such a situation, it is too risky to rely only on your own strength and master everything from scratch. The correct choice of co-executors of work on modernizing the corporate network is also necessary component strategic network planning.

Much more common is the involvement of specialists from companies whose main specialization is system or network integration. In this case, you need to be sure that the specialists of this company really know the products they are introducing well.

Reducing paper costs - transition to paperless technology.

No company can do its work without forms and forms, but, unfortunately, most companies still use the same multi-part forms that they have been working with for many years. The Intranet allows you to transmit electronic copies of forms, after which they can be easily printed. At the same time, with the help of the Intranet, forms can be filled out interactively, that is, in such a way that they do not need to be printed at all. Company specialists can write programs that extract all the information from forms and transfer it directly to a database or mainframe, eliminating the need for employees to repeatedly enter the same information.

Often, general internal company materials, such as benefits information, pay schedules, cafeteria menus, and job listings, are sent as notices to all employees or posted on a bulletin board in the central office. The ability to access this information directly from the desktop system makes it not only more responsive and accessible, but also timely, and its distribution ultimately costs the company much less.

Intranet for managing and monitoring project implementation.

Thanks to the Intranet, the number of face-to-face meetings to monitor the implementation of a corporate project can be significantly reduced, and, in addition, this infrastructure makes it possible to inform project participants about the results of the work of their colleagues. For example, project deadlines can be published on the Intranet and linked to the appropriate group. With just a few clicks, any developer can find out how things are going with the implementation of the current stage of the project, without meeting with other participants.

Selection and publication of news on the Intranet.

In many organizations, a news bulletin is prepared every morning for the company's management. This information may include stock prices, press compilations mentioning the company, news about competitors and their projects, or reports on industry trends.

Effective method The implementation of a news delivery system consists of its deployment on an Intranet, with automatic viewing of interactive information sources and generation of a daily summary without human intervention. In some cases, systems of this type can provide better results than an employee searching for information through reading numerous publications. Once the system is developed, adding new keywords and search terms is easy. The resulting summaries can then be supplemented with links to external sources information containing full version articles or related data.

In some cases, each employee may be given the opportunity to order topical reports for delivery directly to desktop system this user. Many Internet services already allow you to generate such custom pages.

Control of document flow of the enterprise.

To control and track various documents, correspondence, reports, etc. the Intranet will be very useful. For example, a database with Web interface allows you to track documents as they are ready. Administrators and other employees are able to collect references to these documents according to various criteria, such as finding out what work was performed for a particular client, what documents are relevant to a given project, or what materials are relevant to a particular employee. This system can be useful especially when an employee leaves the company, during a project review, or in the event of litigation.

Part 2. Practical part

Option 13

The organization maintains a journal for calculating income tax on employee salaries by department. The types of divisions are presented in Table 1. The following rule applies.

All deductions are provided according to Table 1 only to employees of the “main” place of work, other employees pay tax on the total amount.

1. Construct tables based on the given data (Table 1 - Table 3).

2. Organize inter-table connections to automatically fill out the column for calculating personal income tax (PIT) (Table 3): “Name of division”, “PIT”.

3. Set up a check in the “Type of place of work” field for the entered values ​​and display an error message.

4. Determine the monthly amount of tax paid by the employee (for several months).

5. Determine the total amount of personal income tax for each division.

6. Determine the total amount of personal income tax transferred by the organization for the month.

7.Build a histogram based on the data in the pivot table.

Table 1

table 2

Table 3

Accrual date	Tab. number	Full name of the employee	Department code	Division name	Salary accrued	Type of place of work	Amount of children	Disability benefit	Personal income tax
		Ivanova S.M.			basic
		Vorobyova V.S.			not basic
		Sidorov V.S.			basic
		Vasilyev V.I.			basic
		Emelyanov I.P.			basic
		Petrov P.V.			basic
		Semenova I.O.			basic
		Somova V.S.			basic
		Pechkina S.I.			not basic
					basic
		Ivanova S.M.			basic
		Vorobyova V.S.			not basic
		Sidorov V.S.			basic
		Vasilyev V.I.			basic
		Emelyanov I.P.			basic
		Petrov P.V.			basic
		Semenova I.O.			basic
		Somova V.S.			basic
		Pechkina S.I.			not basic
					basic

The solution to this problem is carried out in a Microsoft Word 2002 spreadsheet (see Appendix).

1. Launch the MS Excel spreadsheet processor; rename sheet 1 to a sheet called “Divisions”; create on this sheet a table of the list of divisions of the organization; and fill this table with the initial data.

2. Rename sheet 2 to a sheet called “Bets”; On this sheet we create a table with the initial data of tax rates and benefits.

3. Let’s develop the structure of the table template “Journal for calculating personal income tax.”

Structure of the table template “Journal for calculating personal income tax”

Spreadsheet Column	Name (details)	Data type	Data Format
			length	accuracy
	Accrual date
	Personnel Number	numerical
	Full name of the employee	text
	Department code	numerical
	Division name	text
	Salary accrued	numerical
	Type of place of work	text
	Amount of children	numerical
	Disability benefit	text
		numerical

4. Rename sheet 3 to a sheet called “Tax Calculation Journal”; on this sheet we create a table in which the tax will be calculated; We fill out the table “Journal for calculating personal income tax” with the initial data.

5. Fill in the “Name of division” column and enter the formula in the corresponding cell F3:

IF(F3="";"";VIEW(E3;Departments!$A$3:$A$7;Departments!$B$3:$B$7))

Let's multiply the formula entered in cell F3 for the remaining cells of this column.

6. Fill in the “NDFL” column and enter the formula in cell K3:

IF($H3="main";($G3-Bets!$B$3-($I3*Bets!$C$3)-IF($J3="disabled";Bets!$D$3;0))*Bets !$A$3/100;($G3*Bet!$A$3/100))

Let's multiply the formula entered into cell K3 for the remaining cells of this column.

We get the results of the calculations - the table “Journal of calculation of personal income tax”.

Accrual date	Tab. number	Full name of the employee	Department code	Division name	Salary accrued	Type of place of work	Number of children	Disability benefit	Personal income tax
		Ivanov S.M.				basic
		Pechkina S.I.				not basic
						basic
		Vorobyova V.S.		Accounting		not basic
		Semenova I.O.		Accounting		basic
Accounting
		Sidorov V.S.				basic
		Emelyanov I.P.				basic
1 workshop
		Vasilyev V.I.				basic
		Petrov P.V.				basic
2 workshop
		Somova V.S.				basic
Stock
Total for November
		Ivanov S.M.				basic
		Pechkina S.I.				not basic
						basic
		Vorobyova V.S.		Accounting		not basic
		Semenova I.O.		Accounting		basic
Accounting
		Sidorov V.S.				basic
		Emelyanov I.P.				basic
1 workshop
		Vasilyev V.I.				basic
		Petrov P.V.				basic
2 workshop
		Somova V.S.				basic
Stock
Total for December

Conclusion

As a result of the work carried out in the theoretical part, we found out what a corporate Intranet is and learned that it is of great importance for both large organizations and small businesses. We also learned that the Intranet has many advantages, such as: it reduces paper costs, controls the implementation of projects, the ability to publish news in the company, and controls the document flow of the enterprise.

In the practical part of the course work, the task of calculating personal income tax by divisions of the organization was completed. In the course of solving the problem, indicators were calculated: the name of the department was found by its code, the personal income tax amount for each employee was calculated, the total personal income tax amount for each department was determined, the amount of personal income tax transferred by the organization for the month was determined, a chart was built based on the data from the summary table, which shows the amount of transferred tax for each division.

The work was done using text editor Microsoft Word 2002 and Microsoft Excel 2002 spreadsheet.

Bibliography

1. Morozevich A.N., Govyadinova N.N., Levashenko V.T. and others. Fundamentals of computer science: textbook (edited by Morozevich A.N.) - 2nd ed., revised - M.: New knowledge, 2003. - 544 p.

2. Kosarev V.P. Computer systems and networks: Textbook (edited by Kosarev V.P. and Eremin L.V.) - M.: Finance and Statistics, 1999-464 p.

3. Eliseev V. Ladyzhensky G. Introduction to the Intranet. Database Management Systems, # 5-6/96.

4. Goncharov O.N. Guide for senior management personnel. M.: MP "Souvenir", 1994.